| Authors: | Alex Lee
Doug Emery |
|---|---|
| Date: | April 7, 2010 |
Contents
The digital product includes the following transcriptions reporting the readings of the manuscript undertext:
Text As read by Equilibrium of Planes (PE) Netz-Wilson Floating Bodies (FB) Netz-Wilson, Heiberg Measurement of the Circle (DC) Netz-Wilson Method (ME) Netz-Wilson, Heiberg Sphere and Cylinder (SC) Netz-Wilson Spiral Lines (SL) Netz-Wilson, Heiberg Stomachion (ST) Netz-Wilson, Heiberg Hyperides (HYP) ZPE publication
Transcriptions are available both as full treatises (e.g. FloatingBodies-NW-p5.xml) or as individual folios (e.g. 017r-016v_Arch07r_Tei_Netz-Wilson.xml).
These transcriptions are presented as XML files conforming to the TEI P5 standard. The purpose of this document is to describe the encoding decisions specific to these transcriptions; for all other issues, the TEI standards should be consulted.
Only a subset of the available TEI modules are used in these transcriptions: core, header, textstructure, analysis, figures, linking, transcr, and gaiji.
The TEI Roma generator has been used to generate a RelaxNG schema for validating the transcriptions. The Roma customization file is provided as archie-tei.xml; the schema file is archie-tei.rng.
For treatises that are divided into books (e.g. FB), the content for each book has been enclosed in a div[@type="book"] element. Other treatises have their content directly within the body element.
The content itself comes as a series of milestone, head, and ab elements. Here the milestones indicate units of text such as postulates or propositions. These are presented according to Heiberg's edition.
Each head or ab element contains the words of the transcription. Preceding each line of transcription is an lb element, whose @n attribute indicates the number of the line that follows. Lines are numbered according to each column of the undertext folio.
Within the head and ab elements there occur two further types of milestones. Those of type "folio" indicate the overtext (= Euchologion) folio number and undertext column number, e.g. 81v1. Those of type "underTextFolio" indicate the undertext (= Archimedes or Hyperides) folio number, e.g. Arch03v.
In most cases, the undertext folio milestone will be followed by four overtext folio milestones. For example, Arch03v is composed of 81v1, 88r1, 81v2, 88r2.
If a word has no further markup associated with it, it is simply provided as text, e.g. "ὥστε τῶν μέρων". But if a word has any extra markup, it is contained within a w element. NB. All textual whitespace at any level within a `w` element is to be ignored or discarded.
The tags unclear and supplied never span across words; instead, separate tags are used for each word. So, for example, "κ̣α<ί ἐ>στι" would be encoded as:
<w>
<unclear>κ</unclear>α
<supplied reason="lost">ί</supplied>
</w>
<w>
<supplied reason="lost">ἐ</supplied>στι
</w>
When a word breaks across a line, it is presented in two parts, the initial w[@part="I"] and the final w[@part="F"], with the line break lb placed between. For example, given this text:
5 ... ... ... συνε- 6 χέων ... ... ...
the corresponding markup would be:
... <w part="I">συνε</w> <lb n="6"/><w part="F">χέων</w> ...
Here the word συνεχέων breaks with συνε at the end of line 5 and is completed by χέων in line 6.
In cases where a preceding or following folio is missing, it is possible that a word-part will lack its complement.
All abbreviations are encoded as choice elements. Each choice element contains an abbr element giving the manuscript form of the word and an expan element giving the editorially expanded form of the word.
For abbreviations in which only a portion of the word has been abbreviated, such as "ἔχο(ν)", the entire word is represented by the choice element. An am element is used in the abbr to show where the abbreviation occurs, and a corresponding ex gives the expansion within the expan. The am always contains a single g, to represent whatever symbol was used for the abbreviation. (No details are given about the symbols used, though this would be a nice addition to the transcriptions down the road.)
<choice>
<abbr>ἔχο<am><g/></am></abbr>
<expan>ἔχο<ex>ν</ex></expan>
</choice>
Here an enclosing w element is optional.
Multiple am and ex instances are possible, so long as they occur in pairs. The doubly abbreviated word "τ(ου)τ(έστιν)" would be encoded as:
<choice>
<abbr>τ<am><g/></am>τ<am><g/></am></abbr>
<expan>τ<ex>ου</ex>τ<ex>έστιν</ex></expan>
</choice>
If the abbreviation has been flagged by the editors as supplied or unclear, these tags will go outside of the am and the ex (it is not permitted by the schema to have them within those elements, nor would this have any clear meaning).
For many common, short words, the entire word is represented with a symbol. In such cases any extra markup, such as supplied or unclear, is placed outside of the choice. For example, suppose that a symbol representing the word καὶ has been supplied by the editors; the word is demanded by the context, and the manuscript shows only a one-character space, so an abbreviation is necessary. The word would be encoded as:
<supplied reason="lost"><choice>
<abbr><am><g/></am></abbr>
<expan><ex>καὶ</ex></expan>
</choice></supplied>
One final complication occurs when an abbreviated word occurs at a line break. Here the word is divided into two parts, w[@part="I"] and w[@part="F"], as mentioned above. When one of those parts contains an abbreviation, its entire contents will be contained within a choice.
So, given the following text:
1 ... ... ... ἔχ(ου)- 2 σαν ... ... ...
the corresponding markup would be:
<w part="I"><choice> <abbr>ἔχ<am><g/></am></abbr> <expan>ἔχ<ex>ου</ex></expan> </choice></w> <lb n="2"/><w part="F">σαν</w>
Because the initial part of the word, before the line break, contains an abbreviation, its entire contents are given in a choice element. The final part of the word, which resumes after the line break, needs no choice because it does not contain an abbreviation.
The manuscript contains marginal numbers (typically indicating a proposition), as well as a few instances of marginal text. These are enclosed within hi[@rend="margin"] elements.
Cases of raised text are enclosed within hi[@rend="superscript"] elements.
Diagrams are represented with figure elements, each of which has an @n attribute and a short figDesc within it. Note that these elements are also included when the manuscript merely contains space for a figure, even though no figure has been drawn in.
Some features of the manuscript, including large text, extra spaces, and out-dented text, have not been included in this transcription.
All diacritics, word spacing, and punctuation are editorial additions. Punctuation always appears within pc tags (so that punctuation can easily be stripped out if so desired).
On occasion the reading in the manuscript is such that it could be taken for an error in the transcription (for instance if there has been scribal error or some other form of corruption). These readings have been flagged with a sic element. Such elements can span multiple words.
As mentioned above, in certain elements whitespace must be ignored. This can be accomplished, in XSLT for instance, by the following template:
<xsl:template match="w/text()|unclear/text()|supplied/text()|choice//text()">
<xsl:value-of select="normalize-space(.)"/>
</xsl:template>
The need for this workaround is regrettable, but it seems to be the most robust way of accounting for the whitespace-handling behaviors of various XML tools.
Each individual folio transcription (e.g. 017r-016v_Arch07r_TEI_Netz-Wilson.xml) is mapped to the accompanying images of the corresponding folio using the facsimile section following the TEI header. A single surface element is used, containing one graphic element for each image file and one zone element for each mapped line or other element (such as figures, and identified proposition and book enumerations). The following shows a portion of a facsimile element.
<facsimile>
<surface ulx="0" uly="0" lrx="8160" lry="10880">
<graphic url="014r-019v_Arch02r_Sinar_LED365_01_pack8.tif"/>
<graphic url="014r-019v_Arch02r_Sinar_LED445_01_pack8.tif"/>
<!-- ... -->
<zone lrx="3404" lry="1140" ulx="1052" uly="834" xml:id="zArch02r_14r1_01"/>
<zone lrx="3404" lry="1380" ulx="1052" uly="1138" xml:id="zArch02r_14r1_02"/>
<!-- ... -->
</surface>
</facsimile>
The surface's @ulx, @uly, @lrx, and @lry attributes provide the pixel dimensions of the images referenced by the enclosed graphic elements. The zone's @ulx, @uly, @lrx, and @lry attributes describe a box containing the referenced component. The zone/@xml:id begins with "z", followed by the undertext folio, prayer book folio and column (if applicable), and the @n attribute value of the referenced element. Elements that are not lines, such as figures, have the element type in the ID in lieu of the column number, for example: zArch02r_14r_fig_1.
In the text portion of the file, each mapped element will employ the @facs attribute to reference the corresponding zone by its @xml:id, as follows:
<ab><milestone n="14r1" unit="folio"/>
<lb n="1" facs="#zArch02r_14r1_01"/><w part="F"
>φο<unclear>τέ</unclear>ρ<supplied reason="lost">ου</supplied></w> τᾶς